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Making winter count

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Plains Indian Museum NA.702.5 - winter count
Winter count. Plains Indian Museum. NA.702.5

If you were to pick a single event from last year that would forever highlight 2013 for you and your family, what would it be?

Plains Indian Museum NA.705.2 - winter count (detail)

Was your home flooded? Did you move to another town? Was there a new job? Did you have a baby? Did someone you love pass away? Was there a wedding? A divorce? A reversal of fortune?

Plains Indian Museum NA.705.2 - winter count (detail)

Before written records, Plains Indians recorded one notable event for each year on a “winter count,” a kind of pictorial calendar. Each band designated a tribal member as the winter count keeper—the man charged with painting the year’s image, caring for the winter count, and making sure the oral traditions about the years’ events remained intact. Early on, keepers painted or drew illustrations on buffalo hides; when buffalo became scarce, they substituted muslin, linen, or paper—like the one pictured above—from the Buffalo Bill Center of the West’s Plains Indian Museum.

Click on the image above; can you guess what story each image tells? Let me know in your comments!

Plains Indian Museum NA.705.2 - winter count (detail)

The Lakota Indians called the record a winter count since it documented a single event for the year between first snow to first snow. Some incidents even appear on more than one winter count! For instance, Smithsonian scholar Garrick Mallery, who published research in 1886 and 1893, found that “the year the stars fell” correlated to the November 1833 Leonid meteor storm.

Now that would certainly be worth remembering!

Plains Indian Museum visitors check out Lone Dog's winter count.
Center of the West visitors in the Plains Indian Museum check out this copy of Lone Dog’s winter count on muslin (pictured above) that dates to the early 1900s. It records the years 1800 – 1801 through 1870 – 1871. Museum Purchase. NA.702.5

About Marguerite House

Marguerite House served as the Center of the West’s Acting Director of Public Relations until her retirement at the end of 2018, and as editor of its member magazine, Points West, through May 2019. Following a seven-year stint as Business Manager for the Cody Country Chamber of Commerce, Marguerite moved “across the street” to the Center in 1999. She then held five different positions in three of the Center’s four divisions, landing in PR in 2005. “I think that [gave] me all kinds of perspectives for our readers,” she says. She enjoys writing (especially a weekly column for the local newspaper called “On the House”), cooking, and spending time with her six grandkids.

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