The Draper Museum Raptor Experience’s Short-eared Owl, Amelia.
For many people owls are a favorite bird, with Short-eared Owls being just one of more than 200 species worldwide. The smallest, the Elf Owl, resides in the south western part of the United States to Central Mexico, and Baja California. The largest, the Blakiston Fish Owl, lives in Siberia, NE China, and Hokkaido Island in Japan. Of all the world’s owl species, only six live in non-forested habitats, with half of these being found in North America. These three are the Burrowing Owl, the Snowy Owl, and the Short-eared Owl. Short-eared Owls are also one of the most widely distributed owls, living in every continent of the world, except Antarctica and Australia. In this blog I have listed 8 of my favorite facts about Short-eared Owls.
1) Short-eared Owls are one of only two owl species living on the Hawaiian Islands. Arriving naturally, it is believed that they may have traveled down from Alaska. The second owl on the Islands is the Barn Owl. They were introduced to the islands for the purpose of controlling rodent populations.
Small rodents are a favorite food of Short-eared Owls.
2) Short-eared Owls may travel great distances, with migrations of 1200 miles documented. These migrations may include long distances over water. One Short-eared Owl was recorded landing on a ship in the Pacific Ocean, 653 miles from land. Breeding populations have been found on remote oceanic islands, further demonstrating this ability.
Short-eared Owl in Flight
3) Short-eared Owls are one of the few owls that nest on the ground. The nest is located within grass or herbaceous ground cover. The nest is created by the female, who makes a scrape and then lines it with grass stems, herb stalks, and feathers. She often obtains feathers by plucking them from her breast.
Short-eared Owls are Ground Nesters
4) A male Short-eared Owl will do elaborate courtship flights which include audible wing clapping under its body. Sounding like the crack of a whip, these quick bursts may contain up to 10 claps per second! This clapping may also be used as an aggressive display to warn intruders away from the male’s territory. In this video you can hear a brief sound bite of wing clapping around the 1:13 mark. You will also hear a good example of the calls made by the male and female during breeding season.
5) Short-eared Owls begin calling while still inside the egg. This high pitched sound will continue after hatching. Around 7-days of age, the nestlings’ voice will become somewhat lower in pitch.
6) Short-eared Owls begin leaving the nest on foot around 14 – 18 days of age. They are not yet able to fly so they spend their time walking and running, possibly straying as far as 656 feet from the nest. During this time, the parents will continue to feed and care for their young. Leaving the nest helps reduce the amount of time when they are most vulnerable to predation. The juveniles generally begin to fly (fledge) around one month after hatching. One to two weeks after fledging the young are completely independent.
A Short-eared Owl Chick
7) Short-eared Owls will often avoid detection from predators due to their natural coloration, which camouflages them in grasslands. If this fails, they may feign death. They will also give a broken wing distraction display when defending their nest and young.
Short-eared Owl Partially Camouflaged on the Ground
8) During the non-breeding season up to 200 Short-eared Owls may roost together in areas of abundant prey, possibly as close as 3 feet from each other.
Short-eared Owl Hunting During Non-breeding Season
Photo Credits:
Short-eared with rodent by USFWS Mountain-Prairie, Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmtnprairie/
Short-eared Owl in flight by Tony Varela Photography, Noncommercial Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/search/?text=Tony%20Varela%20
Short-eared Owl standing in grass by Jay Phagan, Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/jayphagan/
Short-eared chick by Gauri Chauhan, Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/gauric/
Short-eared Owl partially camouflaged by Carolyn Whipple, Noncommercial Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmtnprairie/
Short-eared Owl in flight over dry winter grass by nebirdsplus, Noncommercial Attribution License https://www.flickr.com/photos/nebirdsplus/
